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中考英語語法難點(diǎn)大全之五:動(dòng)詞虛擬語氣

2007-12-31 09:59:08  來源:英語教師網(wǎng)

  (五)動(dòng)詞虛擬語氣

  I. 要點(diǎn)

  表示說的話不是事實(shí),或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況,而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。一般常用于正式的書面語中。

  1、 虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成

  注:如果條件從句謂語動(dòng)詞包含有were或had, should, could有時(shí)可將if省去, 但要倒裝。如:

  Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.

  2、 虛擬語氣在各種從句的應(yīng)用

  (1) 在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等,其謂語形式是"should(可省) +動(dòng)詞原形",常用于以下三種句型中。

  句型一:It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…

  句型二:It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…

  句型三:It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…

  如: It is strange that he (should) have done that.

  It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.

  It is requested that we (should) be so careless.

  (2) 在賓語從句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中,表間接的命令和建議。其謂語形式是"(should)+動(dòng)詞原形"。如:

  I suggest that we (should) go swimming.

  (3) 在表語從句中,表示間接的命令,要求、請求、建議、決定等,主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(should)+動(dòng)詞原形"。如:

  His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.

  (4) 在同位語從句中,謂語形式是"(should)+動(dòng)詞原形"。如:

  We received order that the work be done at once.

  (5) 在It is time that…句型中,其謂語動(dòng)詞形式是"動(dòng)詞的過去式"或

  "should +動(dòng)詞原形",should不可省。如:It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school.

  II. 例題

  例1 We had hoped that he ____ longer.

  A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay

  解析:該題正確答案為D。had hoped表示"本希望",同樣用法的動(dòng)詞還有think, expect等,后面的句子需用虛擬語氣

  例2 "Mary wants to see you today".

  "I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today."

  A comes B came C should come D will come

  解析:該題正確答案為B。would rather后面的從句需用虛擬語氣,用動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)表示。

  例3 Had she been older, she ____ it better.

  A had done B might have done C might do D would do

  解析:Had she been older = If she had been old. 故該題正確答案為B。

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