2008高考英語(yǔ)開(kāi)放式作文答題思路例與析

2008-05-30 09:35:36 　來(lái)源：英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)報(bào)

　　隨著高考英語(yǔ)的改革，英語(yǔ)作文的命題更具有開(kāi)放性。開(kāi)放式作文不同于書(shū)面表達(dá)，書(shū)面表達(dá)往往給出較為詳細(xì)的提示，考生只需把提示要點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)譯成英語(yǔ)，加上一些適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞連接上下文就行了，所以書(shū)面表達(dá)常有參考范文。而開(kāi)放式作文只給出主題或兩三點(diǎn)提示，由考生去發(fā)揮、構(gòu)思，考生的思路是不同的，寫(xiě)出來(lái)的文章當(dāng)然不會(huì)是一樣的，所以開(kāi)放式作文沒(méi)有參考范文。

　　開(kāi)放式作文的答題思路與漢語(yǔ)作文非常相像。首先要明確主題，然后根據(jù)主題搭建文章的主體結(jié)構(gòu)，即寫(xiě)作提綱，接著進(jìn)行文章血肉的填充。在擬寫(xiě)作提綱時(shí)，要突出主題，有層次，先寫(xiě)什么，后寫(xiě)什么，要層次分明。

　　下面我們結(jié)合例題，對(duì)開(kāi)放式作文答題思路作一說(shuō)明，以饗考生。

　　[例1]根據(jù)下面的提示，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的短文。

　　吉姆畢業(yè)后想去找工作，他的先進(jìn)次就業(yè)刪掉失敗了，但他學(xué)到了許多東西。(用記敘文體裁)

　　思路分析：本篇作文的要求要寫(xiě)成記敘文。吉姆畢業(yè)后想找工作，在寫(xiě)作時(shí)，寫(xiě)什么工作都行。他的先進(jìn)次就業(yè)刪掉失敗，應(yīng)是記敘的主要部分。刪掉一定要回答有關(guān)問(wèn)題，吉姆肯定要準(zhǔn)備一些問(wèn)題。由刪掉失敗，問(wèn)題主要出在回答問(wèn)題上，可能是答非所問(wèn)，也可能是太緊張，回答得不得體，或沒(méi)有回答上來(lái)。所學(xué)到的教訓(xùn)可以是人際交往方面的問(wèn)題，如微笑、舉手投足、態(tài)度、機(jī)智，也可以是心理素質(zhì)方面的問(wèn)題。

　　例文：

　　After graduation Jim wanted to be a teacher. But he failed in his interview with the school principal. It was in the early morning that Jim went for the interview. Before he went there, Jim had been well prepared. He had worked out a list of questions that might be put to him. And then, he had carefully prepared the answers. Besides, he practised answering for quite some time. But when he was faced with the principal, he forgot all about the answers. He found the questions easy; however, all he was doing was stuttering and stammering. Later Jim said it wasn't the questions that failed him but the looks on the principal's face. He didn't smile at all. So Jim learned something from his failure.

　　[例2]根據(jù)下面的提示，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的短文。

　　1)眼睛是心靈的窗口。

　　2)學(xué)會(huì)如何保護(hù)眼睛。

　　思路分析：從題目的要求看，本篇作文要求寫(xiě)成說(shuō)明文。重點(diǎn)要放在如何保護(hù)眼睛上。例如：不要看書(shū)時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)，眼睛與書(shū)的距離要適當(dāng)，走路坐車(chē)時(shí)不要看書(shū)，要常做眼保健操等。如何保護(hù)眼睛這個(gè)問(wèn)題比較好寫(xiě)，因?yàn)榭忌羞@方面的知識(shí)和體驗(yàn)。

　　例文：

　　People often say, "Eyes are the windows of soul". All of us understand the importance of the eyes. But how to protect eyesight still remains a question among us students.

　　If you want to take care of your eyesight, you must pay attention to the following points. Firstly, you should not use your eyes continuously for long periods. After you have read for a long time, about two hours or so, you take a rest by looking at something more distant. Secondly, you should keep your book about a foot away from your eyes when you read it. You should also keep in mind: "Don't read in a dim light or in the sun; don't read in a moving bus or in bed." Doing eye exercises regularly will help you keep good eyesight.

　　If you fail to keep these rules, you will become short-sighted sooner or later.

　　[例3]根據(jù)下面的提示，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的短文。

　　談?wù)剬?duì)診斷的看法。

　　思路分析：本文是一篇議論文。診斷有好處有壞處，先說(shuō)明好處：可以檢驗(yàn)孩子學(xué)的情況和教師教的情況；再說(shuō)明過(guò)多診斷的壞處：增加孩子的負(fù)擔(dān)，使孩子失去學(xué)習(xí)興趣。較后總結(jié)出你的看法。

　　例文：

　　In my opinion， examinations are necessary for students. They can tell us how much the students have learned and what their strong points and what their weak points are in their study progress. Therefore, the proper exams are useful to the students further studies. At the same time, they are also helpful to the teachers. The teachers can get to know clearly what their students' problems are. Then they can get to change their teaching plans and improve their teaching methods so as to help their students study. However, if there are too many examinations, they will do more harm than good to the students. The examinations will become a heavy burden on the students. Sooner or later the students will get tired of them and lose interest in studying. In a word, examinations are necessary, but too many are not good. Therefore we should reduce unnecessary examinations.

　　[例4]根據(jù)下面的提示，用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇120詞左右的短文。

　　說(shuō)說(shuō)近年來(lái)超市(supermarket)倍受人們青睞的原因。

　　思路分析：本文重在陳述原因上。超市倍受人們青睞的原因可能是：自主購(gòu)物、價(jià)廉、種類(lèi)多、營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、質(zhì)量放心等。

　　例文：

　　More and more people like shopping in supermarkets, which have developed rapidly in recent years. This, of course, has something to do with the convenience they offer to customers.

　　Firstly, prices in supermarkets are much lower, for they are run in the self-service style, therefore, fewer shop assistants are needed. Secondly, a wide variety of goods are displayed to satisfy the needs of different people. Thirdly, supermarkets usually have longer opening hours than other shops and stores.[!--empirenews.page--]

　　Shopping in supermarkets can make customers feel confident, comfortable and relaxed. Moreover, it saves them both time and money. That's why supermarkets are getting more and more crowded nowadays.

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