預約高中1對1精品課程(面授/在線),滿足學員個性化學習需求 馬上報名↓
為了培養(yǎng)同學們的發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,分析問題,和解決問題的能力,命題人也常常出一些通過排除從而推知未知的東西的試題,而這我們要用排除法。
所謂排除法就是根據題目的要求,結合所學知識,排除題干中的冗余信息或者四個選項中的錯誤選項,從而降低理解難度,縮小選擇范圍,助力明確答案,提高命中率。具體來說有以下幾點:
一、排除題干中的冗余信息
這些冗余信息包括插入語、定語從句、伴隨狀語等:
1. John plays football ___, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
解析:若能排除題干中的插入語。If not better than 此題難度則大大降低,該題考查副詞的比較等級的用法,as well as 這里意為“和......一樣好”。答案是B。
2. Is this the girl ___you think is kind and honest?
A. which B. who C. whom D. of whom
解析:若能排除題干中的插入語you think,便會發(fā)現(xiàn)定語從句缺少主語。而且指人,應用關系代詞who,因此答案為B。
3. Hardly had all the points that the teacher taught ____down when the bell rang.
A. to taken B. taking C. taken D. been taken
解析:此題句子結構復雜,難度頗大,里邊包含hardly…when句型,表示“一......就......”。若能識別出定語從句that the teacher taught ,則會發(fā)現(xiàn)其余部分是被動語態(tài)。“知識點被摘抄下來”,答案為D。該句意為:我剛抄寫完老師教的知識點就下課了。
4. Mr. Green together with his wife and children ___to Egypt by air for the ten –day holiday.
A. go B. have gone C. is going D. are going
解析:題干中together with his wife and children 是伴隨狀語而不是并列主語。這樣主語只有Mr. Green,據此判斷謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式,只有C項符合乎要求。因此答案是C。
5. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ____very well.
A. worked out B. tired out C. went on D. carried on
解析:本題中的tired out 是“精疲力竭”;went on 是“繼續(xù)進行”;carried on是“進行下去”。通過上文“并沒計劃著象那樣”,說明這一活動已結束,而從上面已知的B/C/D都無法表達這一語義,我們熟知work out 有“算出、解決”的意思,進一步延伸就是“結果”,所以選A。
6. It’s generally believed that teaching is ___it is a science.
A. an art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
解析:本題考查的是as…as 結構中的語序,所以A.B都不合適。因為先進個as 是副詞,所以它不能直接修飾名詞結構,它要求把這一結構中的形容詞提到冠詞之前,故本題選D。 即使選出之后,我們對這一陌生結構仍然糊里糊涂="Times New Roman">
評注:為了培養(yǎng)孩子們的探索精神,以及在閱讀中面對未知單詞有良好的心理素質,命題人有意設計一個我們十分陌生的表達方式。我們可以依據我們所知道的、熟知的條件把它放在新的語境中,如果都不合適,那麼不熟悉的就可能是我們要選擇的。
二、排除選項中的錯誤選項
1.Little Jim should love ____to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take
C. being taken D. taking
解析:首先根據句意,“小吉姆是被帶到劇院”,應用被動結構,故排除B、D,其次should love to do相當于would like to do,表示“想做某事”,后接不定式短語,可排除C,故答案是A.
2. My dictionary ___. I have looked for it every where but still ____it.
A. has lost; don’t find B. is missing; don’t find
C. has lost; haven’t found D. is missing; haven’t found
解析:首先根據句意“我的字典丟了”,我到處找但是還沒有找到,物品丟失可以說be lost , be missing ; be gone , 據此排除A/C,其次,這是一個并列句,前后時態(tài)應一致,用現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響;沒有找到字典,因此排除B,答案是D。
3. ____, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
解析:首先however 引導的狀語從句應用陳述語序,排除A/C;其次,在該狀語從句中,however后邊要緊接一個形容詞或副詞,排除B,故答案是D。