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《情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣》
1.It is required by the rules that students ________ get grades not lower than 85 in any subject in order to get the scholarship.
A.will B.may
C.shall D.would
答案 C
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:根據(jù)規(guī)定,孩子如果想拿獎學(xué)金,任一單科成績不得低于85分。shall用于第三人稱,在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定,意為“應(yīng),必須”。
2.I’m really very busy,otherwise I ________ certainly go there with you.
A.can B.shall
C.will D.would
答案 D
解析 考查虛擬語氣。結(jié)合前半句中的內(nèi)容以及后半句中的otherwise一詞可知后半句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣,所以用would。
3.—God!My cell phone is missing.
—You ________ have left it at home.I heard you telephone our daughter in the bathroom.
A.shall B.must
C.would D.could
答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)答語第二句的內(nèi)容可知第二個(gè)說話人認(rèn)為對方“一定”是把手機(jī)忘在家里了。
4.Even students of average intelligence ________ become top students by improving their study habits.
A.must B.can
C.have to D.ought to答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:即使智力一般的孩子也可以通過改進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣而成為優(yōu)等生。can在此處表示“能夠”。
5.—Look,I’ve bought some bread,including your favorite flavor.
—You ________ any because we still have plenty at home.
A.should have bought
B.could have bought
C.needn’t have bought
D.mustn’t have bought
答案 C
解析 答語句意為:你沒有必要買,因?yàn)榧依镞有很多。故應(yīng)用needn’t have done表示本不必做而實(shí)際上做了。could have done 表示過去本可以做某事卻沒做;should have done表示本應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上未做;mustn’t表示禁止。
6.It is beyond my understanding that many adults ________ be so crazy about Harry Potter series.
A.will B.can
C.may D.should
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:很多成年人居然對哈利·波特系列這么上癮,對此我不能理解。這里用should表示“居然,竟然”。其他選項(xiàng)都沒有這個(gè)含義。
7.It’s a pity that Andrew didn’t want to go to the conference.________ willing to go,we could have paid all his expenses.
A.Had he been B.Being
C.Was he D.He had been
答案 A
解析 考查虛擬語氣與倒裝。根據(jù)先進(jìn)句中的時(shí)態(tài)可知此處是對過去情況的虛擬,意思是“如果他愿意去,我們會支付他所有的費(fèi)用”。此處是省略了虛擬條件句中的if而引起的倒裝,其正常語序應(yīng)為“If he had been willing to go”。
8.These days some young pe
eople just ________ work hard because they have got used to the easy life provided by their parents.
A.mustn’t B.won’t
C.mightn’t D.shouldn’t
答案 B
解析 句意為:現(xiàn)在一些年輕人就是不愿意努力,因?yàn)樗麄円呀?jīng)習(xí)慣了父母提供的安逸生活。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示意愿,應(yīng)用won’t。mustn’t禁止,不準(zhǔn);mightn’t可能不;shouldn’t不應(yīng)該。
9.—I regret to say that I failed to rank first in the terminal exam.
—Come on,nobody ________ win all the time.
A.should B.must
C.shall D.can
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:——很遺憾我在期末診斷中沒有考先進(jìn)。——振作起來,沒有人能夠一直贏。can(表示有能力做或能夠發(fā)生)能,會;should應(yīng)該,應(yīng)當(dāng);must必須;shall(表示決心、命令或指示)必須,應(yīng)當(dāng)。
10.—May I take this book out of the reading room?
—No,you ________.You read it in here.
A.mightn’t B.won’t
C.needn’t D.mustn’t
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)答語的第二句話可知“不能把書拿出閱覽室”,表禁止,故選D項(xiàng)。
11.Sorry,Cathy,I didn’t know that you were badly short of money then.But you ________ me for help.
A.must have asked
B.could have asked
C.would have asked
D.may have asked
答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。說話人為自己不知道Cathy當(dāng)時(shí)急需用錢而感到抱歉,認(rèn)為Cathy當(dāng)時(shí)本來可以向自己求助。could have done表示過去本來可以做某事,可實(shí)際上并沒有做。
12.—I called you at 9 last night,but no one answered.
—Sorry,I ________ sleeping.I went to bed very early.
A.need have been B.would have been
C.must have been D.should have been
答案 C
解析 根據(jù)答語中的“I went to bed very early”可知,此處為肯定推測,用must,表示問話人打電話時(shí),答話人一定正在睡覺。must have done表示過去肯定做了某事。
13.I’m as busy as a bee;________ you bother me with so many questions now?
A.may B.must
C.can D.shall
答案 B
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:我忙得不可開交,為什么你現(xiàn)在偏要拿這么多的問題來打擾我呢?must有時(shí)可以表示一種不受歡迎的巧合,指某事發(fā)生得不早不遲,就在某個(gè)當(dāng)緊的時(shí)候,通常含有不快、不滿、心煩、惱火等感情色彩,意為“偏偏,偏要”。
14.—Did you go to the fashion show last week?
—I ________,but I was fully occupied the whole week.
A.must go B.must have gone
C.would go D.would have gone
答案 D
解析 考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)答語中的“but I was fully occupied”可知,此處是對過去事實(shí)的虛擬,應(yīng)用would hav
e done結(jié)構(gòu),表示“本來要做某事而實(shí)際上未做”,故選D項(xiàng)。
15.It is important to know about the cultural differences that ________ cause problems.
A.must B.dare
C.may D.shall
答案 C
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:了解有可能會帶來麻煩的文化差異是重要的。此處may表示不確定的推測,意思是“有可能”。
16.—Could I have a word with you,mum?
—Oh,dear,if you ________.
A.can B.must
C.may D.should
答案 B
解析 17.My mother is a great cook and we ________ never get enough of her cookies.
A.may B.need
C.should D.can
答案 D
解析 句意為:我媽媽是一個(gè)很了不起的廚師,我們吃不夠她做的餅干。can’t...enough為固定搭配,意為“無論……也不過分”。
18.—I wonder where Peter is.He said he’d be here for lunch.
—Don’t worry!He________be caught in the rush hour.
A.will B.should
C.can D.may
答案 D
解析 考查情態(tài)動詞表示推測。句意為:——我想知道Peter在哪里。他說要來這里吃午飯的。——別擔(dān)心!他可能遇到上下班高峰期了。may表示事實(shí)上的可能性,意為“可能,也許”。
19.—Why,I didn’t get you on the phone.
—We ________football on the playground when you phoned.
A.must be playing
B.must play
C.must have played
D.must have been playing
答案 D
解析 句意為:——嗨,我打電話沒找到你。——你打電話的時(shí)候我們肯定正在操場上踢足球。表示對過去所發(fā)生的事情的肯定推測用must have done的形式,再結(jié)合語境可知此處推測的是過去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情,故用must have been doing,故答案為D項(xiàng)。
20.—Why didn’t Henry come?
—He ________ except he didn’t have time.
A.would have come B.will come
C.would come D.will be coming
答案 A
解析 句意為:——Henry為什么沒來?——他本來要來的,只是他沒有時(shí)間。except從句表達(dá)的是過去時(shí)陳述語氣,主句為與過去相反的虛擬語氣。
21.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he________a goal.
A.had scored B.scored
C.would score D.would have scored
答案 D
解析 這是otherwise 引出的含蓄虛擬語氣,再根據(jù)前面的hesitated 可進(jìn)一步知道這是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣,由此可推知答案選D。
22.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I________in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A.wouldn’t have fallen
B.had not fallen
C.should fall
D.were to fall
答案 B
解析 句意為:要不是在七歲時(shí)就迷上了Melinda Cox 圖書館,我真不能想象我如今會在做什么。此題涉及錯綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句,主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反,條件句與過去事實(shí)相反。
23.—My uncle suggests I ________ abroad.
—I would rather you ________ at home.
A.go;stay B.went;stayed
C.go;stayed D.went;stay
答案 C
解析 suggest作“建議”講,謂語動詞用should do或do。would rather后跟的從句也用虛擬語氣,敘述與現(xiàn)在、將來事實(shí)相反時(shí),用過去時(shí);敘述與過去事實(shí)相反,用過去完成時(shí)。
24.It’s useless envying others their success.It’s time you ________ hard.
A.must work B.went to work
C.work D.worked
答案 D
解析 此處考查固定句型中虛擬語氣的使用。It’s time that...中,從句中動詞用過去時(shí)或should do。
25.They ________ two free tickets to Canada.Otherwise,they’d never have been able to afford to go.
A.had got B.got
C.would have got D.get
答案 B
解析 otherwise相當(dāng)于一個(gè)虛擬條件,是對真實(shí)情況的相反的假設(shè),由此我們可以推斷出:題干中otherwise前面的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是真實(shí)的,故空白處應(yīng)該是陳述語氣;再結(jié)合句意可知,此處講的是過去的事情,因此用一般過去時(shí)。