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中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之語(yǔ)法講解第九講—時(shí)態(tài)(一)

2016-12-06 22:10:54  來源:本站原創(chuàng)

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  第9講:時(shí)態(tài)一
 
  提起時(shí)態(tài),當(dāng)然是指動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)啦。過去、現(xiàn)在和未來等不同時(shí)間段發(fā)生的事情要用不同的時(shí)態(tài)來表示。時(shí)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式,表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間和方式。閉上眼睛想一想,初中我們學(xué)過的時(shí)態(tài)有幾個(gè)? 初中我們共學(xué)過八種時(shí)態(tài)。本講將這幾個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)總體介紹一下:
 
  一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):常與always,often,sometimes, every day連用,表示習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。提醒你當(dāng)?shù)谌朔Q單數(shù)做主語(yǔ)時(shí),別忘了動(dòng)詞的變化。注意:象"地球大,月亮小"等客觀真理、事實(shí)一定用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
 
  現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):要注意其構(gòu)成:由be+動(dòng)詞+ing,表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如:We're studying now. 我們現(xiàn)在正在學(xué)習(xí)。
 
  一般過去時(shí):表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與yesterday,last year,in 1949,two years ago,等表示過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。注意:We often went to dance last summer.有的同學(xué)一見到often就想到用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),其實(shí)因?yàn)楹竺嬗斜硎具^去時(shí)間的 last summer,所以要用過去式,千萬(wàn)別誤用了,切記,切記。
 
  過去進(jìn)行時(shí):顯然過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在做什么,常和特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如at that time,at six yesterday,at that moment,when he came in等連用。如: When he knocked at the door,his mother was cooking.
 
  一般將來時(shí):表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與表示將來時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如 next year,tomorrow等連用。注意:在Will you ....?問句中,回答必須是 Yes,I will.或 No,I won't而不能用Yes,I shall. No, I shan't.來回答過去將來時(shí):過去將來時(shí)不可以單獨(dú)使用,它一般在賓語(yǔ)從句中作間接引語(yǔ),表示從過去某一時(shí)間看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如:They told me that they would go to work in Guangdong.
 
  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):顧名思義,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,但動(dòng)作造成的影響還在,常被just,already,yet 等副詞修飾。如:He has already gone to Tianjin. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響是他已經(jīng)不在這兒了。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,常帶有for或since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如:Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動(dòng)作,我們常用"過"來表示,常帶有twice, once, ever, never等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如:I've never seen that film.
 
  過去完成時(shí):我們可以用"過去的過去"來概括過去完成時(shí),表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動(dòng)作,通常與by,before等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)或when, before,  after引導(dǎo)的從句連用。也可表示過去某一時(shí)間開始,一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,常和for或since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。用法和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)大致相同,只不過又向前推了一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。
 
  八個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)可能得讓你好好對(duì)付一陣子,但細(xì)細(xì)學(xué)來,也并不困難。不信嗎? 試試趁熱打鐵你就知道了。
 
  訓(xùn)練:
 
  1. The zoo _______ in the north of the city.
 
  A. lies
 
  B. builds
 
  C. seems
 
  D. lying
 
  2. --Tom ______out.
 
  --Oh, is he? What time _______ he ______ out?
 
  A. is, did, go
 
  B. went, is, going
 
  C. has gone, did, go
 
  D. is going, does, go
 
  3. --It must be on channel 2. Try that.
 
  --I ______ that. But I still can't get anything.
 
  A. have tried
 
  B. tried
 
  C. try
 
  D. will do
 
  4. They usually ________ TV in the evening.
 
  A. watch
 
  B. will watch
 
  C. are watching
 
  D. watches
 
  5. He has _______ for about twelve years.
 
  A. bought the house
 
  B. left here
 
  C. lived here
 
  D. gone here
 
  6. The two old man ________ each other since 1970.
 
  A. didn't seen
 
  B. don't see
 
  C. haven't see
 
  D. won't see
 
  7. Lucy and Lily can speak good Chinese, because they ______ China for six years.
 
  A. have been in
 
  B. have been to
 
  C. have come to
 
  D. have gone to
 
  8. --Our country ______ a lot so far.
 
  --Yes, I hope it will be even ________.
 
  A. has changed , well
 
  B. changed, good
 
  C. has changed , better
 
  D. changed, better
 
  9. --I saw Ann _______ a green dress at the meeting.
 
  --I think she looks better _______ red.
 
  A. dressed , in
 
  B. put on, wear
 
  C. wearing, in
 
  D. wear, put on
 
  10. --I didn't come to school because my mother was ill yesterday.
 
  --I am sorry ______ that.
 
  A. hearing
 
  B. hear
 
  C. hears
 
  D. to hear
 
  實(shí)踐:
 
  1. There will be ______ interesting film tomorrow evening.
 
  A. a
 
  B. an
 
  C. the
 
  D. some
 
  2. --What's that over there ?
 
  -- It's ______ bag.
 
  A. I
 
  B. me
 
  C. my
 
  D. mine
 
  3. The students of Class One ______ on the playground.
 
  A. am playing
 
  B. is playing
 
  C. are playing
 
  D. was playing
 
  4. You'd better _______ late next time!
 
  A. not be
 
  B. not to be
 
  C. won't be
 
  D. don' t be
 
  5. He always gets up early, _______ he?
 
  A. is
 
  B. isn't he
 
  C. does
 
  D. doesn't
 
  6. ______ tall the building is!
 
  A. How a
 
  B. How
 
  C. What
 
  D. What a
 
  7. Lesson Seven is ________ one in this book.
 
  A. important
 
  B. more important
 
  C. most important
 
  D. the most important
 
  8. I will call you as soon as she ________ back.
 
  A. comes
 
  B. come
 
  C. came
 
  D. will come
 
  9. He put on his coat ______ went out.
 
  A. and
 
  B. but
 
  C. or
 
  D. so
 
  10. --______ I get there before six o'clock?
 
  -- No, you needn't.
 
  A. Can
 
  B. May
 
  C. Must
 
  D. Shall
 
  11. Their baby was born ______ April 2, 1997.
 
  A. in
 
  B. on
 
  C. at
 
  D. by
 
  12. Her father is busy _______ the truck.
 
  A. mend
 
  B. mends
 
  C. mended
 
  D. mending
 
  13. We ________ the floor when she left.
 
  A.sweep
 
  B. swept
 
  C. were sweeping
 
  D. are sweeping
 
  14. He wants ________ some apples and oranges.
 
  A. to buy
 
  B. buys
 
  C. bought
 
  D. buy
 
  15. Do you understand ______?
 
  A. what did he say
 
  B. he said what
 
  C. what does he say
 
  D. what he said


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