中考狀語從句知識(shí)點(diǎn)：時(shí)間狀語從句

2010-06-01 14:49:56 　來源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源

　　要點(diǎn)——時(shí)間狀語從句，由以下連詞引導(dǎo)：

　　when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在時(shí)間狀語從句中，要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致。一般情況下主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

　　1.when當(dāng)……的時(shí)候

　　Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.

　　(當(dāng))莫扎特的時(shí)候，開始寫音樂作品。

　　2.while當(dāng)……時(shí)

　　He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.

　　他在旅途中參觀了許多地方。

　　3.as在。。。的同時(shí);一邊……一邊……

　　He smiled as he stood up.

　　他一邊站起來一邊笑著。

　　4.after在……之后

　　He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.

　　前幾天做完功課之后回的家。

　　5.before 在……之前

　　Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.

　　布朗先生來這之前已經(jīng)在一家銀行里工作一年了。

　　6.as soon as 一……就……

　　We began to work as soon as we got there.

　　我們一到那就開始工作。

　　I will write to you as soon as I get home.

　　我一到家就給你寫信。

　　7.since 自。。。以來到現(xiàn)在

　　表示自過去的一個(gè)起點(diǎn)時(shí)間到目前(說話時(shí)間)為止的一段持續(xù)時(shí)間。主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。

　　Mr GREen has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.

　　自格林先生來中國以來，他就在這所學(xué)校教書。

　　(還可以用作介詞，本句從句還可以用短語：since three years ago(自三年前以來)表示。)

　　8 till /until

　　都可以作連詞，連接時(shí)間狀語，也可以作介詞，與其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語，在句中作狀語。

　　They walked till /until it was dark.

　　他們一直走到天黑。

　　Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.

　　小明直到他爸爸回來才離開家。

　　9. by the time 到。。。為止 (所在句子的主句應(yīng)用完成時(shí))

　　By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.

　　他到家的時(shí)候，他爸爸已經(jīng)走了。

　　By the time I got to school, the class had already began.

　　我到校時(shí)，已經(jīng)開始上課了。

　　難點(diǎn)——as when while的辨析

　　as when while都表示主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，三者差異如下：

　　表示“一邊。。。一邊"的意思

　　as 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對(duì)比時(shí)

　　用于發(fā)生時(shí)間較段時(shí)

　　when 1、還可以表示從句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在主幾句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作"之前 "或"之后"發(fā)生。

　　2、when=and then; at that moment (正在那個(gè)時(shí)候)

　　while

　　1、用于時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)時(shí)

　　2、強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對(duì)比時(shí)

　　有時(shí)這三個(gè)連詞可以互換，有時(shí)不可以。

　　It was raining hard when (as) I got there.

　　我到那里時(shí)，正在下大雨。 ( 動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，when可換為as, 但不能換為while，因?yàn)間et是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞.)

　　When I had read the article, he called me.

　　我看完這篇文章之后，她給我打了電話。( 從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前，注意時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)，只能用when )

　　When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.

　　(當(dāng))我到了電影院時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開演了。(從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意時(shí)態(tài))

　　He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.

　　他正要離開，忽然電話響了。( 此時(shí)不能放在句首。主句動(dòng)詞一般表達(dá) “正在” “即將”.

　　while, as不能代替 ) 考點(diǎn)

　　She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.

　　他以為我在談她女兒，然而，實(shí)際上在談?wù)撐遗畠骸?表轉(zhuǎn)折，對(duì)比，when, as都不能代替它) 考點(diǎn)

　　lWhile the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.

　　外星人買紀(jì)念品時(shí)，那女孩給警察打了電話。(表示主句，從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，while后引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞不能是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)樗硎据^長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)考點(diǎn)

　　Mother was worried BECause little Alice was ill, especially as (when/ while) father was away.

　　媽媽擔(dān)心，因?yàn)樾埯惤z病了，特別是他父親不在家的時(shí)候。(此時(shí)as ,when, while可通用)

　　知識(shí)擴(kuò)展

　　1. It is since從。。。以來多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了(因?yàn)閟ince +從句或名詞，表示一段時(shí)間)

　　It is five years since we met last time.從我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年了。

　　2. It is +before…(。。。才)

　　It was a long time before I went to sleep again.

　　過了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間我才睡著。

　　It was an hour before(=until) the police arrived.

　　過了一個(gè)小時(shí)，警察才來。

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