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2017高考英語(yǔ)準(zhǔn)備:常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的簡(jiǎn)明講解!2017高考正在緊張的準(zhǔn)備階段,為了方便同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)?以下是小編整理的資料,供同學(xué)們參考學(xué)習(xí)。
一、 條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
1. 條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式
從句中提出一種與客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)不相符或根本不可能存在的條件,主句會(huì)產(chǎn)生的一種不可能獲得的結(jié)果。條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣根據(jù)不同的時(shí)間有三種不同的形式。
時(shí)間 從句謂語(yǔ)形式 主句謂語(yǔ)形式
將來(lái) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be用were)
should + 動(dòng)詞原形
were to + 動(dòng)詞原形
would / should / might / could + 動(dòng)詞原形
現(xiàn)在 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be 用 were) would / should / might / could + 動(dòng)詞原形
過(guò)去 had +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞 would / should / might / could have + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞
2. 條件中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的舉例
(1) 將來(lái)時(shí)的條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如:
If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清華大學(xué)的話(huà),他就會(huì)充分利用他的時(shí)間了。
If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要來(lái)的話(huà),他會(huì)通知我們一聲。
(2) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)的條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如:
If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的話(huà),它會(huì)幫助我們的。
If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在這所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)的話(huà),它會(huì)對(duì)你很熟悉。
(3) 過(guò)去時(shí)的條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如:
If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看過(guò)這場(chǎng)電影,我會(huì)把電影內(nèi)容告訴你了。
If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早點(diǎn)到那兒,我就會(huì)會(huì)到了李先生。
3. 運(yùn)用條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí),須注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題
(1) 當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若是系動(dòng)詞be時(shí),可用was代替were。但在倒裝虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)及if I were you, as it were中,只能用were。如:
Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我還年輕十歲的話(huà),我會(huì)去國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)。
If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的話(huà),我要盡力抓住這次機(jī)會(huì)。
(2) 有時(shí),虛擬條件句中,主、從句的動(dòng)作若不是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí),須區(qū)別對(duì)待。
、?gòu)木涞膭?dòng)作與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,而主句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事實(shí)不符。如:
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的話(huà),我現(xiàn)在也會(huì)使工程師了
If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他們通知過(guò)我們的話(huà),我們現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)來(lái)這里了。
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