北京寒假預(yù)習(xí)七年級下冊仁愛版

2021-02-09 19:15:57 　來源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

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北京寒假預(yù)習(xí)七年級下冊仁愛版！ 要充分利用白天的學(xué)習(xí)時間因為白天精神狀態(tài)好，記憶力強(qiáng)，思維活躍，白天一小時的學(xué)習(xí)效率相當(dāng)于夜晚的一個半小時。盡量將學(xué)習(xí)都安排在白天，利用好白天的大好時光。下面，小編為大家?guī)?span style="color:#f00;">北京寒假預(yù)習(xí)七年級下冊仁愛版。

北京寒假預(yù)習(xí)七年級下冊仁愛版

七年級下英語語法——詞法

1、名詞A)、名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：

一)在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas

二)x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes

三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories

2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways

四)以o結(jié)尾加s(外來詞)。如：radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿,potatoes馬鈴薯

五)以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves

六)單復(fù)數(shù)相同(不變的)有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese

七)一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks

八)單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學(xué),family家，家庭成員

九)合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：action movie-action movies,pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor-men doctors,woman teacher-women teachers

十)有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚fishes魚的種類,paper紙papers報紙，卷子，論文,work工作works作品，工廠,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光線lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時間times時代,次數(shù),chicken雞肉chickens小雞

十一)單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs

十二)特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-EnglishmenB)名詞的格當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一)單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s

二)復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’Day教師節(jié),classmates’;Children’s Day六一節(jié),Women’s Day三八節(jié)

三)由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加較后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：Mike and Ben’s room邁克和本的房間(共住一間)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms邁克和本的房間(各自的房間)

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2、代詞項目人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性先進(jìn)人稱單數(shù)I me my mine myself復(fù)數(shù)we us our ours ourselves第二人稱單數(shù)you you your yours yourself復(fù)數(shù)you you your yours yourselves第三人稱單數(shù)she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself復(fù)數(shù)they them their theirs these those themselves3、動詞A)第三人稱單數(shù)當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下：

一)一般在詞后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains

二)在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes

三)1)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys

四)以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does,goes五)特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB)現(xiàn)在分詞當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：

一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing

二)以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having

三)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母+一個輔音字母(注意除開字母組合如show–showing,draw-drawing)要雙寫較后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning

四)以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于

4、形容詞的級我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或更高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：

一)一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger–largest

二)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewer fewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er/est。如：big-bigger biggest,red-redder reddest,hot-hotter hottest

三)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly),busy-busier busiest,easy-easier easiest

四)特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))good/well-better best many/much-more most bad/ill–worse worstlittle-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest

5、數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、七年級英語語法——句式1.陳述句肯定陳述句a)This is a book.(be動詞)b)He looks very young.(連系動詞)c)I want a sweat like this.(實義動詞)d)I can bring some things to school.(情態(tài)動詞)e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be結(jié)構(gòu))否定陳述句a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!c)Come in,please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑問句1)一般疑問句a)Is Jim a student?b)Can I help you?c)Does she like salad?d)Do they watch TV?e)Is she reading?肯定回答:a)Yes,he is.b)Yes,you can.c)Yes,she does.d)Yes,they do.e)Yes,she is.否定回答:a)No,he isn’t.b)No,you can’t.c)No,she doesn’t.d)No,they don’t.e)No,she isn’t.

2)選擇疑問句Is the table big or small?回答It’s big./It’s small.3)特殊疑問句

①問年齡How old is Lucy?She is twelve.

②問種類What kind of movies do you like?I like action movies and comedies.

③問身體狀況How is your uncle?He is well/fine.

④問方式How do/can you spell it?L-double O-K.How do we contact you?My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.

⑤問原因Why do you want to join the club?

⑥問時間What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up,Rick?At five o’clock.When do you want to go?Let’s go at 7:00.

⑦問地方Where’s my backpack?It’s under the table.

⑧問顏色What color are they?They are light blue.What’s your favourite color?It’s black.

⑨問人物Who’s that?It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue?My brother.Who isn’t at school?Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?

⑩問東西What’s this/that(in English)?It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture?I can see some broccoli,strawberries and hamburgers.

11問姓名What’s your aunt’s name?Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name?My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name?My family name’s Smith.

12問哪一個Which do you like?I like one in the box.

13問字母What letter is it?It’s big D/small f.

14問價格How much are these pants?They’re 15 dollars.

15問電話號碼What’s your phone number?It’s 576-8349.

16問謂語(動作)What’s he doing?He’s watching TV.

17問職業(yè)(身份)What do you do?I’m a teacher.What’s your father?He’s a doctor.

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