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初中英語必考句型結(jié)構(gòu), 初中英語8大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

2021-07-13 14:09:27  來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理

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必背句型

 

句型1:There+be +主語+地點(diǎn)狀語/ 時(shí)間狀語There're three books on the table.桌子上有三本書。

句型2:What's wrong with+sb./sth.?What's wrong with your telephone?你的手機(jī)有什么毛。

句型3:How do you like…?How do you like China?你覺得中國(guó)怎么樣?

句型4:What do you like about…?What do you like about China?你喜歡中國(guó)的什么?

句型5:had better(not)+動(dòng)詞原形You'd better ask that policeman over there.你最好去問問那邊的那個(gè)警察。

句型7:Thank+sb.+for (doing) sth.Thank you for coming to see me.感謝你來看我。

句型8:So+be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語He is a student. So am I.他是一個(gè)學(xué)生,我也是。

句型9:not…until…He didn't have supper until his parents came back.直到他的父母回來他才吃飯。

句型10:比較級(jí)十a(chǎn)nd+比較級(jí)The baby cried harder and harder.那孩子哭得越來越厲害。

句型11:the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)The more one has,the more one wants.擁有的越多,想要的越多。

句型12:…as+adj./adv.+as……not as(so)+adj./adv.+as…Last Sunday the weather was not so wet as it is today.上個(gè)星期天的天氣不如今天的天氣潮濕。

句型13:more/less +adj.+than…I think art is less important than music.我認(rèn)為藝術(shù)不如音樂重要。

句型14:stop…from doing sth.The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from blowing the earth away.綠色長(zhǎng)城將阻擋風(fēng)吹走土壤。

句型15:both…and…Both you and I are students.我和你都是學(xué)生。

句型16:either…or…Either you or he is wrong.不是你錯(cuò)就是他錯(cuò)。

句型17:neither…nor…Neither he nor I am a student.我和他都不是學(xué)生。

句型18:…as soon as…As soon as I see him, I'll give him the message.我一見到他就把你的消息告訴他。

句型19:so+adj./adv.+that…I was so tired that I didn't want to speak.我累得連話也不想說了。

句型20:Though…十主句Though I like writing to my pen-friend,it takes a lot of time.雖然我喜歡給筆友寫信,但它要耗費(fèi)我大量時(shí)間。

句型21:be going toThis afternoon I'm going to buy an English book.今天下午我要去買本英語書。

句型22:be different from

I think this is different from Chinese names.我認(rèn)為這與漢語名字不同。

句型23:Welcome (back) to…Welcome back to school!歡迎回到學(xué)校!

句型24:have fun doingWe're going to have fun learning English this term.這學(xué)期我們將興味盎然地學(xué)習(xí)講英語。

句型25:…because…/…, so..…I don't know all your names because this is our first lesson.因?yàn)檫@是我們的第一節(jié)課,所以我并不知道你們所有人的名字。

句型26:Why don't you…/ Why not…?Why don't you come to school a little earlier?為什么不早點(diǎn)到校呢?

句型27:make itLet's make it half past nine.讓我們定在九點(diǎn)半吧!

句型28:have nothing to doThey have nothing to do every day.他們每天無所事事。

句型29:be sure/be sure of/ about sth. /be sure to do sth.I was not sure of/about the way, so I asked someone.我對(duì)于怎么走沒有把握,所以我問別人了。

句型30:between…and…There is a shop between the hospital and the school.在那家醫(yī)院和那所學(xué)校之間有一家商店。

句型31:keep sb. /sth. +adj. /V-ing /介詞補(bǔ)語 /adv.You must keep your classroom clean.你們必須保持教室干凈。Sorry to have kept you waiting.對(duì)不起,讓你久等。

句型32:find+賓語+賓補(bǔ)He finds it very hard to travel around the big city.他發(fā)現(xiàn)要環(huán)游這個(gè)大城市是很難的。

句型33:…not…any more / longerThe old man doesn't travel any more.這位老人不再旅行了。

句型34:What's the weather like…?What's the weather like in spring in your hometown?在你們家鄉(xiāng),春天天氣怎么樣?

句型35:There is no time to do/have no time to doThere was no time to think.沒有時(shí)間思考。I have no time to go home for lunch.我沒有時(shí)間回家吃午飯。

句型36:Help oneself to…Help yourself to some fish.吃魚吧!

句型37:used to doI used to read this kind of story books.我過去常讀這種故事書。

句型38:borrow…fromI borrowed a book from him.我從他那借了一本書。

句型39:lend sb. sth. /lend sth. to sb.He lent me a story book/He lent a story book to me.他借了本故事書給我。

句型40:have been toHave you ever been to Hawaii?你曾去過夏威夷嗎?

句型41:have gone toWhere's he? He's gone to Washington.他在哪兒?他去華盛頓了。

句型42:be famous forHawaii is famous for its beautiful beaches.夏威夷以它美麗的海灘而出名。

句型43:No matter+疑問句+主句No matter when you come,you are welcomed.無論你們什么時(shí)候來,都受歡迎。

句型44:be afraid (of/to do/that..)Don't be afraid of making mistakes when speaking English.當(dāng)說英語時(shí)不要害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。

句型45:…as…as possible/…as…as sb. canI hope to see him as soon as possible.我希望能盡快見到他。He ran here as fast as he could.他盡最大努力跑到這兒。

句型46:practise /enjoy/finish doingTom enjoys playing football very much.湯姆很喜歡踢足球。He finished reading the story book.他看完了那本故事書。

句型47:ask sb. (not) to do sth.Her mother ask her to clean the room.她媽媽叫她打掃房間。

句型48:be worth (doing) …This book is worth reading.這本書值得讀。

句型49:seem to do / seem +adj. / (介詞短語)He seems to be angry.他似乎生氣了。The house seems too noisy.這房子似乎太吵了。

句型50:It's said that…It's said that one of the most dangerous sharks is the Great White Shark.據(jù)說大白鯊是最危險(xiǎn)的鯊魚之一。

 

8 大時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)

 

一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

 

1、概念:表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況;有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況;總是發(fā)生的;事實(shí)真理。

2.時(shí)間狀語: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week (day, year, month…), on Sundays (on Mondays…), etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+動(dòng)詞原形(如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式)

4.否定形式:主語+am / is / are+not+其他;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞,則在其前加 don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用 doesn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句:把 be 動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 提問,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù),則用 does,同時(shí),還原行為動(dòng)詞。

eg:①It seldom snows here. 這里很少下雪。②He is always ready to help others. 他總是樂于幫助別人。③Action speaks louder than words. 事實(shí)勝雄辯。

 

二、一般過去時(shí)

 

1.概念:過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last (year,night,month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time,etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式或 be 的過去式+名詞

4.否定形式:主語+was / were+not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句:was 或 were 放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞 do 的過去式 did 提問,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

eg:①She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來幫助我們。②I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你這么忙。

 

三、一般將來時(shí)

 

1.概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語:Tomorrow, next day (week,month, year…),  soon, in a few minutes, by…, the day after tomorrow,etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+am/is / are+going to+do+其它;主語+will / shall+do+其它

4.否定形式:主語+am /is/ are not going to+do;主語+will / shall not do+其它

5.一般疑問句:be 放于句首;will / shall 提到句首。(首字母大寫)

eg:①They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將在學(xué)習(xí)中與我們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。②It is going to rain.天要下雨了。

 

四、一般過去將來時(shí)

 

1.概念:立足于過去某一時(shí)刻,從過去看將來,常用于賓語從句中。

2.時(shí)間狀語:The next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+was / were+going to+do+其它;主語+would / should+do+其它

4.否定形式:主語+was / were+not+going to+do+其它;主語+would/should+not+do.

5.一般疑問句:was 或 were 放于句首;would / should 提到句首

eg:①He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 他說他第二天要去北京。②I asked who was going there. 我問,誰要去那里。

 

五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

 

1.概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語:Now, at this time, days, look, listen, etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be+doing+其它

4.否定形式:主語+be+not+doing+其它

5.一般疑問句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。

eg:

①Are you feeling good today?你今天感覺如何?

②He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。

 

六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

 

1.概念:表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

2.時(shí)間狀語:at this time yesterday, at that time 或以 when 引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu): 主語+was / were+doing+其它

4.否定形式:主語+was/were+not+doing+其它

5.一般疑問句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。(第一個(gè)字母大寫)

eg:①At that time she was working in a company. 那段時(shí)間她在一家公司工作。②When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 他進(jìn)來時(shí),我正在讀報(bào)紙。

 

七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

 

1.概念:過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語:yet, already, just, never, ever, so far, by now, since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段,recently, lately, in the past few years,etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語+have / has+過去分詞+其它

4.否定形式:主語+have / has+not+過去分詞+其它

5.一般疑問句:have 或 has 放句首。

eg:①I've written an article. 我已經(jīng)寫了一篇論文。②The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 在過去的幾年,農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

 

八、過去完成時(shí)

 

1.概念:過去發(fā)生或者已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,或從過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語:before, by the end of last year (term, month), etc.

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):had+done.

4.否定形式:had+not+done.

5.一般疑問句:had 放于句首。

6.用法:(1)在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中。

eg:She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 她告訴我她從來沒有去過巴黎。

(2)在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中,發(fā)生在先,用過去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后,用一般過去時(shí)。

eg:①When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到達(dá)時(shí),小偷們?cè)缇团芰恕?/p>

(3)表示意向的動(dòng)詞,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,suppose等,用過去完成時(shí)表示"原本…,未能…"。

eg:①We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那時(shí)我們希望你能來,但是你沒有來。

②I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我剛打開門,他就打了我。(注意:had hardly… when... 剛......就......)

③He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他剛買了這輛車,轉(zhuǎn)眼又賣了。(注意:had no sooner…than 剛…… 就……)

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