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2017高考英語準(zhǔn)備:現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)!2017高考正在緊張的準(zhǔn)備階段,為了方便同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)?以下是小編整理的資料,供同學(xué)們參考學(xué)習(xí)。
一、概念
主動語態(tài)表示主語為動作的執(zhí)行者;被動語態(tài)表示主語為動作的承受者,F(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,但主語為動作的承受者,表示“……已經(jīng)被……”。如:
The new school has been set up. 新學(xué)校已經(jīng)建成了。
二、形式
現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的肯定式為:have/ has +been +done。如:
The experiment has been done successfully. 這個實(shí)驗(yàn)做得很成功。
現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的否定式為:have/ has +not +been +done。如:
Tom’s novel has not been published. 湯姆的小說還沒有被出版。
現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句需將have /has提到主語的前面。如:
Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行車修好了嗎?
現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的特殊疑問句為:疑問詞+have /has +been +done? 如:
Who has been invited? 誰受到了邀請?
三、注意
在使用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)時要注意以下四點(diǎn):
1. 過去分詞前的助動詞的形式是have /has +been,不可漏掉其中的任何一個。
【誤】Many new buildings been built since 1980.
【正】Many new buildings have been built since 1980.
【析】謂語部分結(jié)構(gòu)不全,時態(tài)部分不完整。
2. 必須表示被動。如:
【誤】Something bad has been happened to him.
【正】Something bad has happened to him.
【析】被動語態(tài)誤用。happen為不及物動詞,不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。
【誤】The door has been opened of itself.
【正】The door has opened of itself.
【析】有些動詞如open,break,drop等既可以作及物動詞,又可以作不及物動詞,若不強(qiáng)調(diào)誰是動作的發(fā)出者,我們通常用主動語態(tài)。of itself意思是“自動地”,因此,此句不可用被動語態(tài)。
【誤】I have introduced to Mr Smith.
【正】I have been introduced to Mr Smith (by Mr Wang).
【析】introduce為及物動詞,I是introduce動作的承受者,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。
3. 由finish,buy, start, begin,post,return,borrow, join,marry,open等短暫性動詞構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與表示一段時間的狀語如for four days,for a long time等連用,如需表達(dá)這樣的意思,可改變動詞或時態(tài)。如:
譯:這本書買了多久了?
誤:How long has this book been bought?
正:How long ago was this book bought?
但這類動詞的否定式可與since或for引導(dǎo)的表示一段時間的狀語連用。如:
No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以來,沒有人來買過書。
4. 短語動詞是一個不可分割的整體,在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性,不可省略短語動詞中的介詞或副詞。如:
The orphan has been well looked after. 這個孤兒一直受到很好的照顧。
鞏固訓(xùn)練
1. Paper money for over a thousand years.
A. used B. has been used C. has used D. is using
2. Great changes, in my hometown and you can see a lot of factories .
A. have been taken place; are being set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. are taken place; had been set up
D. had taken place; will be set up
3. Come and sit down by the fire. Your hands cold.
A. have been felt B. feel C. are felt D. have felt
4. The fire to the fifth floor. all the people ?
A. has got; Have; been saved
B. has been got; Have, saved
C. has got; Do; save
D. has got; Have; saved
5. —We want to sit at the table near the window.
—I’m sorry, but it already.
A. has taken B. took C. was taken D. has been taken
2017高考英語準(zhǔn)備:現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)!為大家分享好了,如果大家還有什么問題可以撥打智康1對1免費(fèi)咨詢電話400-121-121,專業(yè)老師為同學(xué)們答疑解惑。
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